Indian agriculture

my friends as we know today India is developing country in the world. Today so many technologies are affecting on the market. as increasing population,peoples demands also increasing inspite basic needs. so obviously complete world is concentrating on the Indian market
                    But In India mostly peoples are survive on the farming which is base of any country and that base should be strong. this is the country which have three seasons summer,winter and rainy and farmers can cultivate the crops two times in year which is kharip and rabi
                 If we focus on farming in Maharashtra state in India then we can see lot many crops are cultivated in kharip and rabi season which are complete the demand of state and country.
                  List of crop cultivated in Maharashtra is as follow

•   Blackgram
•   chick pea
•  gram
•  wheat
•  rice
•  green gram
•  cotton
• soyabean
• graundnut
• maize
• red gram
• orrange
• vagetables
• sugarcane

Maharashtra state have different regions like vidarbha, marathwada, kokan, khandesh which have different crop cultivation depending upon climate and soil variety. farmers are mostly use the traditional method of cultivation. now a days some technologies also involve in cultivation method like using tractors,drip and sprinkler irrigation.
               But although there is some limitations because of economical condition of farmers and mostly farmers don't have correct guidelines about different scheme of government of India and government of Maharashtra. If we focus variety of crops cultivated in different regions of only in Maharashtra state in India depending on variety of soil and climate then we can see lot much variety of crops in two seasons to be cultivate.
             The climate in Maharashtra is varied from 15 to 45 degree celsius and types of soil is as follows

1) Red soils

Red soils have two broad classes:

a) Red loam with cloddy structure and allow content of concretionary materials; and
b) Red earths with loose, Permeable top soil and a high content of secondary concretions. Generally these soils are light textured with porous and friable structure and there is absence of lime Kankar and free carbonates. They have neutral to acidic reaction and are deficient in nitrogen humus, phosphoric acid and lime.

2) Laterites and Lateritic soils

These soils are red to reddish yellow in colour and low in N, P, K, lime and magnesia. These soils are formed in-situ under conditions of high rainfall with alternation dry and wet periods. On account of heavy rainfall there is an excessive leaching of soil colloids and silica hence the soils are porous.

3) Black soils 

These are mostly clay soils and form deep cracks during dry season. An accumulation of lime is generally noticed of varying depths. They are popularly known as “Black cotton soils” because of their dark brown colour and suitability for growing cotton. These are also known as Indian regurs.These soils are deficient in nitrogen, phosphoric acid and organic matter but rich in calcium, potash and magnesium. 

In spite of that some other types of soil can be seen in India which is as follows

4) Alluvial soils

These soils occur along rivers and represent the soil materials that have been deposited by the rivers duing flood. Usually they are very productive soils but many are deficient in nitrogen, humus and phosphorus.

5) Forest and hill soils

These soils occur at high elevations as well as at low elevations, where the rainfall is sufficient to support trees. These soils are very shallow, steep, stony, and infertile for the production of field crops. However, they serve a very useful purpose by supplying forest product such as timber and fuel.

6) Desert soils

These are mostly sandy soils that occur in the low rainfall track. They are well supplied with soluble salts but are low in nitrogen and organic matter and have a high pH value. These are quite productive. These are often subjected to wind erosion.

7) Saline & Alkaline soils

These soils occur in areas having a little more rainfall than the areas of desert soils. They show white incrustation of salts of calcium & Magne sium and sodium on the surface. These are poor in drainage and are infertile.

8) Peaty and Marshy soils

These types of soils are found in Kerala, coastal track of Orissa, Sunderban area of W.B. When the vegetation growing in such wet places dies, it decomposes very slowly dues to excessive wetness of soils and after several hundreds of year a layer of partly decayed organic matter accumulates on the surface, giving rise to such peaty and marshy soils. These are black coloured, heavy and highly acidic soils. When properly drained and fertilized, these soils produce good crops of rice.

         now some sites of government of India and government of Maharashtra are as follows 

•     www.nhm.nic.in
•    www.mahaagri.gov.in
•    www.mahaethibak.gov.in